UniProt Accession

 ABC3D_HUMAN; Q96AK3; Q5JZ91; Q7Z2N2; Q7Z2N5; Q7Z2N6 

Genbank Protein ID

 AL022318 

Genbank Nucleotide ID

 CAI17899.1 

Protein Name

 DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3D 

Protein Synonyms/Alias

 A3D 

Gene Name

 APOBEC3D 

Gene Synonyms/Alias

  

Created Date

 July 27, 2013 

Organism

 Homo sapiens (Human) 

NCBI Taxa ID

 9606 

Lysine Modification

Position	Peptide	Type	References
62	FRGPVLPKRQSNHRQ	ubiquitination	[1]
347	SVKIMGYKDFVSCWK	ubiquitination	[1]
365	YSDDEPFKPWKGLQT	ubiquitination	[1, 2]
368	DEPFKPWKGLQTNFR	ubiquitination	[1]

Reference

 [1] Refined preparation and use of anti-diglycine remnant (K-ε-GG) antibody enables routine quantification of 10,000s of ubiquitination sites in single proteomics experiments.
 Udeshi ND, Svinkina T, Mertins P, Kuhn E, Mani DR, Qiao JW, Carr SA.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2013 Mar;12(3):825-31. [PMID: 23266961]
 [2] Methods for quantification of in vivo changes in protein ubiquitination following proteasome and deubiquitinase inhibition.
 Udeshi ND, Mani DR, Eisenhaure T, Mertins P, Jaffe JD, Clauser KR, Hacohen N, Carr SA.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2012 May;11(5):148-59. [PMID: 22505724] 

Functional Description

 DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) which acts as an inhibitor of retrovirus replication and retrotransposon mobility via deaminase-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Exhibits antiviral activity against vif-deficient HIV-1. After the penetration of retroviral nucleocapsids into target cells of infection and the initiation of reverse transcription, it can induce the conversion of cytosine to uracil in the minus-sense single-strand viral DNA, leading to G-to-A hypermutations in the subsequent plus-strand viral DNA. The resultant detrimental levels of mutations in the proviral genome, along with a deamination- independent mechanism that works prior to the proviral integration, together exert efficient antiretroviral effects in infected target cells. Selectively targets single-stranded DNA and does not deaminate double-stranded DNA or single-or double- stranded RNA. May inhibit the mobility of LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons. 

Sequence Annotation

 DOMAIN 78 112 CMP/dCMP deaminase zinc-binding 1.
 DOMAIN 262 296 CMP/dCMP deaminase zinc-binding 2.
 ACT_SITE 264 264 Proton donor (By similarity).
 METAL 78 78 Zinc (By similarity).
 METAL 109 109 Zinc (By similarity).
 METAL 112 112 Zinc (By similarity).
 METAL 262 262 Zinc (By similarity).
 METAL 293 293 Zinc (By similarity).
 METAL 296 296 Zinc (By similarity).  

Keyword

 Antiviral defense; Complete proteome; Cytoplasm; Hydrolase; Immunity; Innate immunity; Metal-binding; Reference proteome; Repeat; Zinc. 

Sequence Source

 UniProt (SWISSPROT/TrEMBL); GenBank; EMBL 

Protein Length

 386 AA 

Protein Sequence

Gene Ontology

 GO:0000932; C:cytoplasmic mRNA processing body; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0016814; F:hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amidines; IEA:InterPro.
 GO:0008270; F:zinc ion binding; IEA:InterPro.
 GO:0051607; P:defense response to virus; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0070383; P:DNA cytosine deamination; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0045087; P:innate immune response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0045869; P:negative regulation of retroviral genome replication; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0010529; P:negative regulation of transposition; IDA:UniProtKB. 

Interpro

 IPR016192; APOBEC/CMP_deaminase_Zn-bd.
 IPR007904; APOBEC_C.
 IPR016193; Cytidine_deaminase-like. 

Pfam

 PF05240; APOBEC_C 

SMART

  

PROSITE

 PS00903; CYT_DCMP_DEAMINASES 

PRINTS