UniProt Accession

 SYEM_HUMAN; Q5JPH6; B3KTT2; D3DWF1; Q8TF31 

Genbank Protein ID

 AK095998; AL832489; CH471145; CH471145; AB075850 

Genbank Nucleotide ID

 BAG53194.1; CAI46121.1; EAW55822.1; EAW55824.1; BAB85556.1 

Protein Name

 Probable glutamate--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial 

Protein Synonyms/Alias

 Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase; GluRS 

Gene Name

 EARS2 

Gene Synonyms/Alias

 KIAA1970 

Created Date

 July 27, 2013 

Organism

 Homo sapiens (Human) 

NCBI Taxa ID

 9606 

Lysine Modification

Position	Peptide	Type	References
480	SEGLEGTKYSNVMKL	ubiquitination	[1, 2]
486	TKYSNVMKLLRMALS	acetylation	[3]

Reference

 [1] A proteome-wide, quantitative survey of in vivo ubiquitylation sites reveals widespread regulatory roles.
 Wagner SA, Beli P, Weinert BT, Nielsen ML, Cox J, Mann M, Choudhary C.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2011 Oct;10(10):M111.013284. [PMID: 21890473]
 [2] Landscape of the PARKIN-dependent ubiquitylome in response to mitochondrial depolarization.
 Sarraf SA, Raman M, Guarani-Pereira V, Sowa ME, Huttlin EL, Gygi SP, Harper JW.
 Nature. 2013 Apr 18;496(7445):372-6. [PMID: 23503661]
 [3] Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.
 Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M.
 Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. [PMID: 19608861] 

Functional Description

 Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two-step reaction: glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu) (By similarity). 

Sequence Annotation

 NP_BIND 284 288 ATP (By similarity).
 REGION 40 42 Glutamate binding (By similarity).
 REGION 228 232 Glutamate binding (By similarity).
 MOTIF 45 53 "HIGH" region.
 MOTIF 284 288 "KMSKS" region.
 BINDING 50 50 ATP (By similarity).
 BINDING 76 76 Glutamate (By similarity).
 BINDING 246 246 Glutamate (By similarity).
 BINDING 249 249 ATP (By similarity).
 MOD_RES 486 486 N6-acetyllysine.  

Keyword

 Acetylation; Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; ATP-binding; Complete proteome; Disease mutation; Ligase; Mitochondrion; Nucleotide-binding; Polymorphism; Protein biosynthesis; Reference proteome; RNA-binding; Transit peptide. 

Sequence Source

 UniProt (SWISSPROT/TrEMBL); GenBank; EMBL 

Protein Length

 523 AA 

Protein Sequence

Gene Ontology

 GO:0005759; C:mitochondrial matrix; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
 GO:0005739; C:mitochondrion; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0004818; F:glutamate-tRNA ligase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0050561; F:glutamate-tRNA(Gln) ligase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0000049; F:tRNA binding; IEA:InterPro.
 GO:0006424; P:glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0070127; P:tRNA aminoacylation for mitochondrial protein translation; IDA:UniProtKB. 

Interpro

 IPR008925; aa-tRNA-synth_I_codon-bd.
 IPR020751; aa-tRNA-synth_I_codon-bd_sub2.
 IPR001412; aa-tRNA-synth_I_CS.
 IPR004527; Glu-tRNA-ligase_Ib_bac/mito.
 IPR000924; Glu/Gln-tRNA-synth_Ib.
 IPR020061; Glu/Gln-tRNA-synth_Ib_a-bdl.
 IPR020058; Glu/Gln-tRNA-synth_Ib_cat-dom.
 IPR014729; Rossmann-like_a/b/a_fold. 

Pfam

 PF00749; tRNA-synt_1c 

SMART

  

PROSITE

 PS00178; AA_TRNA_LIGASE_I 

PRINTS

 PR00987; TRNASYNTHGLU.