UniProt Accession

 TGFB1_HUMAN; P01137; A8K792; Q9UCG4 

Genbank Protein ID

 X05839; X05840; X05843; X05844; X05849; X05850; X02812; BT007245; AK291907; CH471126; BC001180; BC000125; BC022242; M38449 

Genbank Nucleotide ID

 CAA29283.1; CAA29283.1; CAA29283.1; CAA29283.1; CAA29283.1; CAA29283.1; CAA26580.1; AAP35909.1; BAF84596.1; EAW57032.1; AAH01180.1; AAH00125.1; AAH22242.1; AAA36735.1 

Protein Name

 Transforming growth factor beta-1 

Protein Synonyms/Alias

 TGF-beta-1; Latency-associated peptide; LAP 

Gene Name

 TGFB1 

Gene Synonyms/Alias

 TGFB 

Created Date

 July 27, 2013 

Organism

 Homo sapiens (Human) 

NCBI Taxa ID

 9606 

Lysine Modification

Position	Peptide	Type	References
42	TIDMELVKRKRIEAI	ubiquitination	[1]
56	IRGQILSKLRLASPP	ubiquitination	[1]
106	PEADYYAKEVTRVLM	ubiquitination	[1, 2]
123	THNEIYDKFKQSTHS	ubiquitination	[3, 4]
163	RLLRLKLKVEQHVEL	ubiquitination	[1]
291	YCFSSTEKNCCVRQL	ubiquitination	[1]

Reference

 [1] Refined preparation and use of anti-diglycine remnant (K-ε-GG) antibody enables routine quantification of 10,000s of ubiquitination sites in single proteomics experiments.
 Udeshi ND, Svinkina T, Mertins P, Kuhn E, Mani DR, Qiao JW, Carr SA.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2013 Mar;12(3):825-31. [PMID: 23266961]
 [2] Systematic and quantitative assessment of the ubiquitin-modified proteome.
 Kim W, Bennett EJ, Huttlin EL, Guo A, Li J, Possemato A, Sowa ME, Rad R, Rush J, Comb MJ, Harper JW, Gygi SP.
 Mol Cell. 2011 Oct 21;44(2):325-40. [PMID: 21906983]
 [3] A proteome-wide, quantitative survey of in vivo ubiquitylation sites reveals widespread regulatory roles.
 Wagner SA, Beli P, Weinert BT, Nielsen ML, Cox J, Mann M, Choudhary C.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2011 Oct;10(10):M111.013284. [PMID: 21890473]
 [4] hCKSAAP_UbSite: improved prediction of human ubiquitination sites by exploiting amino acid pattern and properties.
 Chen Z, Zhou Y, Song J, Zhang Z.
 Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Aug;1834(8):1461-7. [PMID: 23603789] 

Functional Description

 Multifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. Many cells synthesize TGFB1 and have specific receptors for it. It positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. It plays an important role in bone remodeling as it is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts. 

Sequence Annotation

 REGION 30 74 Straightjacket domain (By similarity).
 REGION 75 271 Arm domain (By similarity).
 MOTIF 244 246 Cell attachment site (Potential).
 CARBOHYD 82 82 N-linked (GlcNAc...).
 CARBOHYD 136 136 N-linked (GlcNAc...) (By similarity).
 CARBOHYD 176 176 N-linked (GlcNAc...) (By similarity).
 DISULFID 33 33 Interchain (with C-1359 or C-1384 in
 DISULFID 223 223 Interchain (with C-225) (By similarity).
 DISULFID 225 225 Interchain (with C-223) (By similarity).
 DISULFID 285 294
 DISULFID 293 356
 DISULFID 322 387
 DISULFID 326 389
 DISULFID 355 355 Interchain.  

Keyword

 3D-structure; Cleavage on pair of basic residues; Complete proteome; Direct protein sequencing; Disease mutation; Disulfide bond; Extracellular matrix; Glycoprotein; Growth factor; Mitogen; Polymorphism; Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal. 

Sequence Source

 UniProt (SWISSPROT/TrEMBL); GenBank; EMBL 

Protein Length

 390 AA 

Protein Sequence

Gene Ontology

 GO:0030424; C:axon; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0009986; C:cell surface; IMP:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0005796; C:Golgi lumen; TAS:Reactome.
 GO:0043025; C:neuronal cell body; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0031093; C:platelet alpha granule lumen; TAS:Reactome.
 GO:0005578; C:proteinaceous extracellular matrix; ISS:UniProtKB.
 GO:0005114; F:type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0046732; P:active induction of host immune response by virus; TAS:Reactome.
 GO:0002460; P:adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0007568; P:aging; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0006754; P:ATP biosynthetic process; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0060751; P:branch elongation involved in mammary gland duct branching; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0007050; P:cell cycle arrest; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0016049; P:cell growth; IEA:InterPro.
 GO:0045216; P:cell-cell junction organization; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0006874; P:cellular calcium ion homeostasis; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0071549; P:cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0071407; P:cellular response to organic cyclic compound; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0002062; P:chondrocyte differentiation; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0007182; P:common-partner SMAD protein phosphorylation; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0002248; P:connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing; TAS:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0009817; P:defense response to fungus, incompatible interaction; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0048565; P:digestive tract development; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0009790; P:embryo development; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0007492; P:endoderm development; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0007173; P:epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0001837; P:epithelial to mesenchymal transition; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0019049; P:evasion or tolerance of host defenses by virus; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0085029; P:extracellular matrix assembly; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0097191; P:extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0060325; P:face morphogenesis; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0007565; P:female pregnancy; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0060364; P:frontal suture morphogenesis; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0008354; P:germ cell migration; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0002244; P:hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0030214; P:hyaluronan catabolic process; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0048839; P:inner ear development; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0070306; P:lens fiber cell differentiation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0031663; P:lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0048535; P:lymph node development; ISS:UniProtKB.
 GO:0010742; P:macrophage derived foam cell differentiation; IC:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0060744; P:mammary gland branching involved in thelarche; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0000165; P:MAPK cascade; IMP:UniProtKB.
 GO:0007093; P:mitotic cell cycle checkpoint; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0032943; P:mononuclear cell proliferation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0042552; P:myelination; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0043011; P:myeloid dendritic cell differentiation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0043537; P:negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0030308; P:negative regulation of cell growth; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0022408; P:negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0008156; P:negative regulation of DNA replication; IMP:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0050680; P:negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0045599; P:negative regulation of fat cell differentiation; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:1900126; P:negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0050777; P:negative regulation of immune response; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0010936; P:negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production; IDA:DFLAT.
 GO:0045930; P:negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0045662; P:negative regulation of myoblast differentiation; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0007406; P:negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0030279; P:negative regulation of ossification; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0050765; P:negative regulation of phagocytosis; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0001933; P:negative regulation of protein phosphorylation; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0051280; P:negative regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0048642; P:negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0042130; P:negative regulation of T cell proliferation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0000122; P:negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0045892; P:negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0030512; P:negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; TAS:Reactome.
 GO:0031100; P:organ regeneration; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0043932; P:ossification involved in bone remodeling; IEP:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0060389; P:pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0030168; P:platelet activation; TAS:Reactome.
 GO:0002576; P:platelet degranulation; TAS:Reactome.
 GO:0043065; P:positive regulation of apoptotic process; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0043536; P:positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0030501; P:positive regulation of bone mineralization; IEP:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0090190; P:positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0071158; P:positive regulation of cell cycle arrest; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0051781; P:positive regulation of cell division; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0008284; P:positive regulation of cell proliferation; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0050921; P:positive regulation of chemotaxis; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0032967; P:positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0050679; P:positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0010718; P:positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0031536; P:positive regulation of exit from mitosis; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0010763; P:positive regulation of fibroblast migration; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0035066; P:positive regulation of histone acetylation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0031065; P:positive regulation of histone deacetylation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0032740; P:positive regulation of interleukin-17 production; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0048298; P:positive regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes; IDA:MGI.
 GO:0043406; P:positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:1901666; P:positive regulation of NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0051092; P:positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0042482; P:positive regulation of odontogenesis; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0010862; P:positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0033138; P:positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0010800; P:positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0043552; P:positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0031334; P:positive regulation of protein complex assembly; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0035307; P:positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0051897; P:positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0050714; P:positive regulation of protein secretion; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0060391; P:positive regulation of SMAD protein import into nucleus; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0051152; P:positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0032930; P:positive regulation of superoxide anion generation; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:2000679; P:positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0010575; P:positive regulation vascular endothelial growth factor production; TAS:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0006611; P:protein export from nucleus; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0000060; P:protein import into nucleus, translocation; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0043491; P:protein kinase B signaling cascade; IMP:UniProtKB.
 GO:0032801; P:receptor catabolic process; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0060762; P:regulation of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0061035; P:regulation of cartilage development; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0002028; P:regulation of sodium ion transport; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0045066; P:regulatory T cell differentiation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0070723; P:response to cholesterol; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0042493; P:response to drug; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0032355; P:response to estradiol stimulus; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0009749; P:response to glucose stimulus; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0001666; P:response to hypoxia; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0034616; P:response to laminar fluid shear stress; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0032570; P:response to progesterone stimulus; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0009314; P:response to radiation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0033280; P:response to vitamin D; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0007435; P:salivary gland morphogenesis; IEP:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0007183; P:SMAD protein complex assembly; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0007184; P:SMAD protein import into nucleus; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0043029; P:T cell homeostasis; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0002513; P:tolerance induction to self antigen; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0007179; P:transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; IDA:BHF-UCL.
 GO:0001657; P:ureteric bud development; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0019058; P:viral infectious cycle; TAS:Reactome. 

Interpro

 IPR001839; TGF-b_C.
 IPR001111; TGF-b_N.
 IPR016319; TGF-beta.
 IPR015615; TGF-beta-rel.
 IPR003939; TGFb1.
 IPR017948; TGFb_CS. 

Pfam

 PF00019; TGF_beta
 PF00688; TGFb_propeptide 

SMART

 SM00204; TGFB 

PROSITE

 PS00250; TGF_BETA_1
 PS51362; TGF_BETA_2 

PRINTS

 PR01423; TGFBETA.
 PR01424; TGFBETA1.