Reference | [1] Sites of "in vitro" enzymatic acetylation of histone H3. Thwaits BH, Brandt WF, von Holt C. FEBS Lett. 1976 Dec 1;71(2):193-6. [ PMID: 1001435] [2] Synaptic protein ubiquitination in rat brain revealed by antibody-based ubiquitome analysis. Na CH, Jones DR, Yang Y, Wang X, Xu Y, Peng J. J Proteome Res. 2012 Sep 7;11(9):4722-32. [ PMID: 22871113] |
Functional Description | Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. |
Sequence Annotation | MOD_RES 3 3 Asymmetric dimethylarginine; by PRMT6 (By
MOD_RES 4 4 Phosphothreonine; by GSG2 (By
MOD_RES 5 5 Allysine; alternate (By similarity).
MOD_RES 5 5 N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 5 5 N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 5 5 N6-acetyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 5 5 N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 5 5 N6-methyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 7 7 Phosphothreonine; by PKC (By similarity).
MOD_RES 9 9 Citrulline; alternate (By similarity).
MOD_RES 9 9 Symmetric dimethylarginine; by PRMT5;
MOD_RES 10 10 N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 10 10 N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 10 10 N6-acetyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 10 10 N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 10 10 N6-methyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 11 11 Phosphoserine; by AURKB, AURKC, RPS6KA3,
MOD_RES 12 12 Phosphothreonine; by PKC.
MOD_RES 15 15 N6-acetyllysine (By similarity).
MOD_RES 18 18 Asymmetric dimethylarginine; by CARM1;
MOD_RES 18 18 Citrulline; alternate (By similarity).
MOD_RES 19 19 N6-acetyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 19 19 N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 19 19 N6-methyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 24 24 N6-acetyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 24 24 N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 24 24 N6-methyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 28 28 N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 28 28 N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 28 28 N6-acetyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 28 28 N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 28 28 N6-methyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 29 29 Phosphoserine; by AURKB, AURKC and
MOD_RES 32 32 Phosphoserine (By similarity).
MOD_RES 37 37 N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 37 37 N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 37 37 N6-acetyllysine; alternate.
MOD_RES 37 37 N6-methyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 38 38 N6-methyllysine (By similarity).
MOD_RES 42 42 Phosphotyrosine (By similarity).
MOD_RES 57 57 N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 57 57 N6-acetyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 57 57 N6-crotonyl-L-lysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 57 57 N6-methyllysine; by EHMT2; alternate (By
MOD_RES 58 58 Phosphoserine (By similarity).
MOD_RES 65 65 N6-methyllysine (By similarity).
MOD_RES 80 80 N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 80 80 N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 80 80 N6-acetyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 80 80 N6-methyllysine; alternate (By
MOD_RES 81 81 Phosphothreonine (By similarity).
MOD_RES 108 108 Phosphothreonine (By similarity).
MOD_RES 123 123 N6-methyllysine (By similarity). |