UniProt Accession

 SYWC_HUMAN; P23381; A6NGN1; A6NID3; P78535; Q502Y0; Q53XB6; Q9UDI5; Q9UDL3 

Genbank Protein ID

 M77804; X59892; M61715; X62570; BX248006; AK056100; AK291141; AL157871; CH471061; BC017489; BC095453; S82905; X67920; X67921; X67922; X67923; X67924; X67925; X67926; X67927; X67928 

Genbank Nucleotide ID

 AAA67324.1; CAA42545.1; AAA61298.1; CAA44450.1; CAD62335.1; BAG51626.1; BAF83830.1; EAW81700.1; AAH17489.1; AAH95453.1; AAB39381.1; CAB94198.1; CAB94198.1; CAB94198.1; CAB94199.1; CAB94199.1; CAB94199.1; CAB94199.1; CAB94199.1; CAB94199.1 

Protein Name

 Tryptophan--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic 

Protein Synonyms/Alias

 Interferon-induced protein 53; IFP53; Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase; TrpRS; hWRS; T1-TrpRS; T2-TrpRS 

Gene Name

 WARS 

Gene Synonyms/Alias

 IFI53; WRS 

Created Date

 July 27, 2013 

Organism

 Homo sapiens (Human) 

NCBI Taxa ID

 9606 

Lysine Modification

Position	Peptide	Type	References
27	GELVRSLKAGNASKD	ubiquitination	[1, 2]
33	LKAGNASKDEIDSAV	ubiquitination	[1]
47	VKMLVSLKMSYKAAA	ubiquitination	[1]
51	VSLKMSYKAAAGEDY	ubiquitination	[1]
102	AKGIDYDKLIVRFGS	ubiquitination	[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
111	IVRFGSSKIDKELIN	ubiquitination	[2]
114	FGSSKIDKELINRIE	ubiquitination	[2]
153	VLDAYENKKPFYLYT	ubiquitination	[2]
154	LDAYENKKPFYLYTG	ubiquitination	[2, 3, 5]
366	IFLTDTAKQIKTKVN	acetylation	[6]
366	IFLTDTAKQIKTKVN	ubiquitination	[1, 2]
369	TDTAKQIKTKVNKHA	ubiquitination	[2]
431	AMLTGELKKALIEVL	ubiquitination	[1]
432	MLTGELKKALIEVLQ	ubiquitination	[2]
450	AEHQARRKEVTDEIV	ubiquitination	[7]

Reference

 [1] Systematic and quantitative assessment of the ubiquitin-modified proteome.
 Kim W, Bennett EJ, Huttlin EL, Guo A, Li J, Possemato A, Sowa ME, Rad R, Rush J, Comb MJ, Harper JW, Gygi SP.
 Mol Cell. 2011 Oct 21;44(2):325-40. [PMID: 21906983]
 [2] Refined preparation and use of anti-diglycine remnant (K-ε-GG) antibody enables routine quantification of 10,000s of ubiquitination sites in single proteomics experiments.
 Udeshi ND, Svinkina T, Mertins P, Kuhn E, Mani DR, Qiao JW, Carr SA.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2013 Mar;12(3):825-31. [PMID: 23266961]
 [3] A proteome-wide, quantitative survey of in vivo ubiquitylation sites reveals widespread regulatory roles.
 Wagner SA, Beli P, Weinert BT, Nielsen ML, Cox J, Mann M, Choudhary C.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2011 Oct;10(10):M111.013284. [PMID: 21890473]
 [4] Systems-wide analysis of ubiquitylation dynamics reveals a key role for PAF15 ubiquitylation in DNA-damage bypass.
 Povlsen LK, Beli P, Wagner SA, Poulsen SL, Sylvestersen KB, Poulsen JW, Nielsen ML, Bekker-Jensen S, Mailand N, Choudhary C.
 Nat Cell Biol. 2012 Oct;14(10):1089-98. [PMID: 23000965]
 [5] hCKSAAP_UbSite: improved prediction of human ubiquitination sites by exploiting amino acid pattern and properties.
 Chen Z, Zhou Y, Song J, Zhang Z.
 Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Aug;1834(8):1461-7. [PMID: 23603789]
 [6] Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.
 Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M.
 Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. [PMID: 19608861]
 [7] Landscape of the PARKIN-dependent ubiquitylome in response to mitochondrial depolarization.
 Sarraf SA, Raman M, Guarani-Pereira V, Sowa ME, Huttlin EL, Gygi SP, Harper JW.
 Nature. 2013 Apr 18;496(7445):372-6. [PMID: 23503661] 

Functional Description

 Isoform 1, isoform 2 and T1-TrpRS have aminoacylation activity while T2-TrpRS lacks it. Isoform 2, T1-TrpRS and T2-TrpRS possess angiostatic activity whereas isoform 1 lacks it. T2-TrpRS inhibits fluid shear stress-activated responses of endothelial cells. Regulates ERK, Akt, and eNOS activation pathways that are associated with angiogenesis, cytoskeletal reorganization and shear stress-responsive gene expression. 

Sequence Annotation

 DOMAIN 8 64 WHEP-TRS.
 MOTIF 164 173 "HIGH" region.
 MOTIF 349 353 "KMSKS" region.  

Keyword

 3D-structure; Alternative splicing; Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase; Angiogenesis; ATP-binding; Complete proteome; Cytoplasm; Direct protein sequencing; Ligase; Nucleotide-binding; Polymorphism; Protein biosynthesis; Reference proteome. 

Sequence Source

 UniProt (SWISSPROT/TrEMBL); GenBank; EMBL 

Protein Length

 471 AA 

Protein Sequence

Gene Ontology

 GO:0005829; C:cytosol; TAS:Reactome.
 GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0004830; F:tryptophan-tRNA ligase activity; NAS:UniProtKB.
 GO:0001525; P:angiogenesis; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0008285; P:negative regulation of cell proliferation; TAS:ProtInc.
 GO:0045765; P:regulation of angiogenesis; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0006436; P:tryptophanyl-tRNA aminoacylation; NAS:UniProtKB. 

Interpro

 IPR001412; aa-tRNA-synth_I_CS.
 IPR002305; aa-tRNA-synth_Ic.
 IPR014729; Rossmann-like_a/b/a_fold.
 IPR009068; S15_NS1_RNA-bd.
 IPR002306; Trp-tRNA-ligase.
 IPR000738; WHEP-TRS. 

Pfam

 PF00579; tRNA-synt_1b
 PF00458; WHEP-TRS 

SMART

 SM00991; WHEP-TRS 

PROSITE

 PS00178; AA_TRNA_LIGASE_I
 PS00762; WHEP_TRS_1
 PS51185; WHEP_TRS_2 

PRINTS

 PR01039; TRNASYNTHTRP.