UniProt Accession

 CTCF_HUMAN; P49711; B5MC38; Q53XI7; Q59EL8 

Genbank Protein ID

 U25435; AF145477; AF145468; AF145469; AF145470; AF145471; AF145472; AF145473; AF145474; AF145475; AF145476; BT009915; AB209793; AC009095; AC027682; CH471092; BC014267 

Genbank Nucleotide ID

 AAB07788.1; AAF31318.1; AAF31318.1; AAF31318.1; AAF31318.1; AAF31318.1; AAF31318.1; AAF31318.1; AAF31318.1; AAF31318.1; AAF31318.1; AAP88917.1; BAD93030.1; EAW83142.1; AAH14267.1 

Protein Name

 Transcriptional repressor CTCF 

Protein Synonyms/Alias

 11-zinc finger protein; CCCTC-binding factor; CTCFL paralog 

Gene Name

 CTCF 

Gene Synonyms/Alias

  

Created Date

 July 27, 2013 

Organism

 Homo sapiens (Human) 

NCBI Taxa ID

 9606 

Lysine Modification

Position	Peptide	Type	References
18	EESETFIKGKERKTY	acetylation	[1]
74	DPTLLQMKTEVMEGT	sumoylation	[2]
423	FTQSGTMKMHILQKH	ubiquitination	[3, 4]
449	CDTVIARKSDLGVHL	ubiquitination	[4]
496	HKNEKRFKCDQCDYA	ubiquitination	[4]
543	QLLDMHFKRYHDPNF	ubiquitination	[5, 6]
689	ENIIVEVKKEPDAEP	sumoylation	[2]

Reference

 [1] Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions.
 Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M.
 Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. [PMID: 19608861]
 [2] De-SUMOylation of CCCTC binding factor (CTCF) in hypoxic stress-induced human corneal epithelial cells.
 Wang J, Wang Y, Lu L.
 J Biol Chem. 2012 Apr 6;287(15):12469-79. [PMID: 22354964]
 [3] Systems-wide analysis of ubiquitylation dynamics reveals a key role for PAF15 ubiquitylation in DNA-damage bypass.
 Povlsen LK, Beli P, Wagner SA, Poulsen SL, Sylvestersen KB, Poulsen JW, Nielsen ML, Bekker-Jensen S, Mailand N, Choudhary C.
 Nat Cell Biol. 2012 Oct;14(10):1089-98. [PMID: 23000965]
 [4] Refined preparation and use of anti-diglycine remnant (K-ε-GG) antibody enables routine quantification of 10,000s of ubiquitination sites in single proteomics experiments.
 Udeshi ND, Svinkina T, Mertins P, Kuhn E, Mani DR, Qiao JW, Carr SA.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2013 Mar;12(3):825-31. [PMID: 23266961]
 [5] A proteome-wide, quantitative survey of in vivo ubiquitylation sites reveals widespread regulatory roles.
 Wagner SA, Beli P, Weinert BT, Nielsen ML, Cox J, Mann M, Choudhary C.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2011 Oct;10(10):M111.013284. [PMID: 21890473]
 [6] hCKSAAP_UbSite: improved prediction of human ubiquitination sites by exploiting amino acid pattern and properties.
 Chen Z, Zhou Y, Song J, Zhang Z.
 Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Aug;1834(8):1461-7. [PMID: 23603789] 

Functional Description

 Chromatin binding factor that binds to DNA sequence specific sites. Involved in transcriptional regulation by binding to chromatin insulators and preventing interaction between promoter and nearby enhancers and silencers. Acts as transcriptional repressor binding to promoters of vertebrate MYC gene and BAG1 gene. Also binds to the PLK and PIM1 promoters. Acts as a transcriptional activator of APP. Regulates APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and controls MHC class II gene expression. Plays an essential role in oocyte and preimplantation embryo development by activating or repressing transcription. Seems to act as tumor suppressor. Plays a critical role in the epigenetic regulation. Participates in the allele-specific gene expression at the imprinted IGF2/H19 gene locus. On the maternal allele, binding within the H19 imprinting control region (ICR) mediates maternally inherited higher-order chromatin conformation to restrict enhancer access to IGF2. Plays a critical role in gene silencing over considerable distances in the genome. Preferentially interacts with unmethylated DNA, preventing spreading of CpG methylation and maintaining methylation-free zones. Inversely, binding to target sites is prevented by CpG methylation. Plays a important role in chromatin remodeling. Can dimerize when it is bound to different DNA sequences, mediating long-range chromatin looping. Mediates interchromosomal association between IGF2/H19 and WSB1/NF1 and may direct distant DNA segments to a common transcription factory. Causes local loss of histone acetylation and gain of histone methylation in the beta-globin locus, without affecting transcription. When bound to chromatin, it provides an anchor point for nucleosomes positioning. Seems to be essential for homologous X-chromosome pairing. May participate with Tsix in establishing a regulatable epigenetic switch for X chromosome inactivation. May play a role in preventing the propagation of stable methylation at the escape genes from X- inactivation. Involved in sister chromatid cohesion. Associates with both centromeres and chromosomal arms during metaphase and required for cohesin localization to CTCF sites. Regulates asynchronous replication of IGF2/H19. 

Sequence Annotation

 ZN_FING 266 288 C2H2-type 1.
 ZN_FING 294 316 C2H2-type 2.
 ZN_FING 322 345 C2H2-type 3.
 ZN_FING 351 373 C2H2-type 4.
 ZN_FING 379 401 C2H2-type 5.
 ZN_FING 407 430 C2H2-type 6.
 ZN_FING 437 460 C2H2-type 7.
 ZN_FING 467 489 C2H2-type 8.
 ZN_FING 495 517 C2H2-type 9.
 ZN_FING 523 546 C2H2-type 10.
 ZN_FING 555 577 C2H2-type 11; atypical.
 MOD_RES 289 289 Phosphothreonine.
 MOD_RES 317 317 Phosphothreonine.
 MOD_RES 374 374 Phosphothreonine.
 MOD_RES 402 402 Phosphoserine.
 MOD_RES 609 609 Phosphoserine.
 MOD_RES 610 610 Phosphoserine.
 MOD_RES 612 612 Phosphoserine.
 CROSSLNK 74 74 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly)
 CROSSLNK 689 689 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly)  

Keyword

 3D-structure; Activator; Alternative splicing; Centromere; Chromatin regulator; Chromosome; Chromosome partition; Complete proteome; Direct protein sequencing; DNA-binding; Isopeptide bond; Metal-binding; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Polymorphism; Reference proteome; Repeat; Repressor; Transcription; Transcription regulation; Tumor suppressor; Ubl conjugation; Zinc; Zinc-finger. 

Sequence Source

 UniProt (SWISSPROT/TrEMBL); GenBank; EMBL 

Protein Length

 727 AA 

Protein Sequence

Gene Ontology

 GO:0000775; C:chromosome, centromeric region; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0000793; C:condensed chromosome; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0005730; C:nucleolus; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0005654; C:nucleoplasm; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0043035; F:chromatin insulator sequence binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0043565; F:sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0003700; F:sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0003714; F:transcription corepressor activity; TAS:ProtInc.
 GO:0044212; F:transcription regulatory region DNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0008270; F:zinc ion binding; TAS:UniProtKB.
 GO:0016568; P:chromatin modification; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0007059; P:chromosome segregation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0010216; P:maintenance of DNA methylation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0045892; P:negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0016584; P:nucleosome positioning; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0045893; P:positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0070602; P:regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion; NAS:UniProtKB.
 GO:0006349; P:regulation of gene expression by genetic imprinting; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0040029; P:regulation of gene expression, epigenetic; IMP:UniProtKB.
 GO:0035065; P:regulation of histone acetylation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0031060; P:regulation of histone methylation; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0040030; P:regulation of molecular function, epigenetic; IMP:UniProtKB.
 GO:0006351; P:transcription, DNA-dependent; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. 

Interpro

 IPR007087; Znf_C2H2.
 IPR015880; Znf_C2H2-like.
 IPR013087; Znf_C2H2/integrase_DNA-bd. 

Pfam

 PF00096; zf-C2H2 

SMART

 SM00355; ZnF_C2H2 

PROSITE

 PS00028; ZINC_FINGER_C2H2_1
 PS50157; ZINC_FINGER_C2H2_2 

PRINTS