CPLM 1.0 - Compendium of Protein Lysine Modification
TagContent
CPLM ID CPLM-016564
UniProt Accession
Genbank Protein ID
Genbank Nucleotide ID
Protein Name
 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 
Protein Synonyms/Alias
 AMPK subunit alpha-2; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase kinase; ACACA kinase; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase kinase; HMGCR kinase 
Gene Name
 Prkaa2 
Gene Synonyms/Alias
  
Created Date
 July 27, 2013 
Organism
 Mus musculus (Mouse) 
NCBI Taxa ID
 10090 
Lysine Modification
Position
Peptide
Type
References
60RSLDVVGKIKREIQNubiquitination[1]
379PLIADSPKARCPLDAubiquitination[1]
470RSYLLDFKSIDDEVVubiquitination[1]
Reference
 [1] Proteomic analyses reveal divergent ubiquitylation site patterns in murine tissues.
 Wagner SA, Beli P, Weinert BT, Schölz C, Kelstrup CD, Young C, Nielsen ML, Olsen JV, Brakebusch C, Choudhary C.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2012 Dec;11(12):1578-85. [PMID: 22790023] 
Functional Description
 Catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Regulates lipid synthesis by phosphorylating and inactivating lipid metabolic enzymes such as ACACA, ACACB, GYS1, HMGCR and LIPE; regulates fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis by phosphorylating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA and ACACB) and hormone-sensitive lipase (LIPE) enzymes, respectively. Regulates insulin-signaling and glycolysis by phosphorylating IRS1, PFKFB2 and PFKFB3. AMPK stimulates glucose uptake in muscle by increasing the translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 to the plasma membrane, possibly by mediating phosphorylation of TBC1D4/AS160. Regulates transcription and chromatin structure by phosphorylating transcription regulators involved in energy metabolism such as CRTC2/TORC2, FOXO3, histone H2B, HDAC5, MEF2C, MLXIPL/ChREBP, EP300, HNF4A, p53/TP53, SREBF1, SREBF2 and PPARGC1A. Acts as a key regulator of glucose homeostasis in liver by phosphorylating CRTC2/TORC2, leading to CRTC2/TORC2 sequestration in the cytoplasm. In response to stress, phosphorylates 'Ser-36' of histone H2B (H2BS36ph), leading to promote transcription. Acts as a key regulator of cell growth and proliferation by phosphorylating TSC2, RPTOR and ATG1/ULK1: in response to nutrient limitation, negatively regulates the mTORC1 complex by phosphorylating RPTOR component of the mTORC1 complex and by phosphorylating and activating TSC2. In response to nutrient limitation, promotes autophagy by phosphorylating and activating ATG1/ULK1. AMPK also acts as a regulator of circadian rhythm by mediating phosphorylation of CRY1, leading to destabilize it. May regulate the Wnt signaling pathway by phosphorylating CTNNB1, leading to stabilize it. Also phosphorylates CFTR, EEF2K, KLC1, NOS3 and SLC12A1. 
Sequence Annotation
 DOMAIN 16 268 Protein kinase.
 NP_BIND 22 30 ATP (By similarity).
 REGION 291 376 AIS (By similarity).
 ACT_SITE 139 139 Proton acceptor (By similarity).
 BINDING 45 45 ATP.
 MOD_RES 172 172 Phosphothreonine; by LKB1 and CaMKK2.
 MOD_RES 173 173 Phosphoserine.
 MOD_RES 258 258 Phosphothreonine (By similarity).
 MOD_RES 377 377 Phosphoserine (By similarity).
 MOD_RES 491 491 Phosphoserine (By similarity).
 MOD_RES 500 500 Phosphoserine.  
Keyword
 ATP-binding; Autophagy; Biological rhythms; Cholesterol biosynthesis; Cholesterol metabolism; Chromatin regulator; Complete proteome; Cytoplasm; Fatty acid biosynthesis; Fatty acid metabolism; Kinase; Lipid biosynthesis; Lipid metabolism; Magnesium; Metal-binding; Nucleotide-binding; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome; Serine/threonine-protein kinase; Steroid biosynthesis; Steroid metabolism; Sterol biosynthesis; Sterol metabolism; Transcription; Transcription regulation; Transferase; Ubl conjugation; Wnt signaling pathway. 
Sequence Source
 UniProt (SWISSPROT/TrEMBL); GenBank; EMBL 
Protein Length
 552 AA 
Protein Sequence
MAEKQKHDGR VKIGHYVLGD TLGVGTFGKV KIGEHQLTGH KVAVKILNRQ KIRSLDVVGK 60
IKREIQNLKL FRHPHIIKLY QVISTPTDFF MVMEYVSGGE LFDYICKHGR VEEVEARRLF 120
QQILSAVDYC HRHMVVHRDL KPENVLLDAQ MNAKIADFGL SNMMSDGEFL RTSCGSPNYA 180
APEVISGRLY AGPEVDIWSC GVILYALLCG TLPFDDEHVP TLFKKIRGGV FYIPDYLNRS 240
VATLLMHMLQ VDPLKRATIK DIREHEWFKQ DLPSYLFPED PSYDANVIDD EAVKEVCEKF 300
ECTESEVMNS LYSGDPQDQL AVAYHLIIDN RRIMNQASEF YLASSPPSGS FMDDSAMHIP 360
PGLKPHPERM PPLIADSPKA RCPLDALNTT KPKSLAVKKA KWHLGIRSQS KACDIMAEVY 420
RAMKQLGFEW KVVNAYHLRV RRKNPVTGNY VKMSLQLYLV DSRSYLLDFK SIDDEVVEQR 480
SGSSTPQRSC SAAGLHRARS SFDSSTAENH SLSGSLTGSL TGSTLSSASP RLGSHTMDFF 540
EMCASLITAL AR 552 
Gene Ontology
 GO:0005829; C:cytosol; TAS:Reactome.
 GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:MGI.
 GO:0050405; F:[acetyl-CoA carboxylase] kinase activity; IEA:EC.
 GO:0047322; F:[hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase activity; IEA:EC.
 GO:0004679; F:AMP-activated protein kinase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0003682; F:chromatin binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0035174; F:histone serine kinase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0006914; P:autophagy; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0042149; P:cellular response to glucose starvation; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0006695; P:cholesterol biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0006633; P:fatty acid biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0055089; P:fatty acid homeostasis; ISS:UniProtKB.
 GO:0042593; P:glucose homeostasis; IMP:UniProtKB.
 GO:0008610; P:lipid biosynthetic process; IDA:UniProtKB.
 GO:0043066; P:negative regulation of apoptotic process; IMP:UniProtKB.
 GO:0032007; P:negative regulation of TOR signaling cascade; IMP:UniProtKB.
 GO:0010508; P:positive regulation of autophagy; IMP:UniProtKB.
 GO:0045821; P:positive regulation of glycolysis; ISS:UniProtKB.
 GO:0042752; P:regulation of circadian rhythm; IMP:UniProtKB.
 GO:2000505; P:regulation of energy homeostasis; ISS:UniProtKB.
 GO:0006355; P:regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0048511; P:rhythmic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0006351; P:transcription, DNA-dependent; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
 GO:0016055; P:Wnt receptor signaling pathway; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. 
Interpro
 IPR011009; Kinase-like_dom.
 IPR000719; Prot_kinase_cat_dom.
 IPR017441; Protein_kinase_ATP_BS.
 IPR002290; Ser/Thr_dual-sp_kinase_dom.
 IPR008271; Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. 
Pfam
 PF00069; Pkinase 
SMART
 SM00220; S_TKc 
PROSITE
 PS00107; PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP
 PS50011; PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM
 PS00108; PROTEIN_KINASE_ST 
PRINTS