UniProt Accession

 ATG12_HUMAN; O94817; Q6PJV2 

Genbank Protein ID

 AB017507; AC026449; BC011033; BC012266 

Genbank Nucleotide ID

 BAA36493.1; AAH11033.1; AAH12266.2 

Protein Name

 Ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 

Protein Synonyms/Alias

 Autophagy-related protein 12; APG12-like 

Gene Name

 ATG12 

Gene Synonyms/Alias

 APG12; APG12L 

Created Date

 July 27, 2013 

Organism

 Homo sapiens (Human) 

NCBI Taxa ID

 9606 

Lysine Modification

Position	Peptide	Type	References
60	KKIDILLKAVGDTPI	ubiquitination	[1, 2]
69	VGDTPIMKTKKWAVE	ubiquitination	[1, 2, 3]
71	DTPIMKTKKWAVERT	ubiquitination	[2]
72	TPIMKTKKWAVERTR	ubiquitination	[2]
89	QGLIDFIKKFLKLVA	ubiquitination	[1, 2, 3, 4]

Reference

 [1] Systematic and quantitative assessment of the ubiquitin-modified proteome.
 Kim W, Bennett EJ, Huttlin EL, Guo A, Li J, Possemato A, Sowa ME, Rad R, Rush J, Comb MJ, Harper JW, Gygi SP.
 Mol Cell. 2011 Oct 21;44(2):325-40. [PMID: 21906983]
 [2] Refined preparation and use of anti-diglycine remnant (K-ε-GG) antibody enables routine quantification of 10,000s of ubiquitination sites in single proteomics experiments.
 Udeshi ND, Svinkina T, Mertins P, Kuhn E, Mani DR, Qiao JW, Carr SA.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2013 Mar;12(3):825-31. [PMID: 23266961]
 [3] Landscape of the PARKIN-dependent ubiquitylome in response to mitochondrial depolarization.
 Sarraf SA, Raman M, Guarani-Pereira V, Sowa ME, Huttlin EL, Gygi SP, Harper JW.
 Nature. 2013 Apr 18;496(7445):372-6. [PMID: 23503661]
 [4] Mass spectrometric analysis of lysine ubiquitylation reveals promiscuity at site level.
 Danielsen JM, Sylvestersen KB, Bekker-Jensen S, Szklarczyk D, Poulsen JW, Horn H, Jensen LJ, Mailand N, Nielsen ML.
 Mol Cell Proteomics. 2011 Mar;10(3):M110.003590. [PMID: 21139048] 

Functional Description

 Ubiquitin-like protein involved in autophagy vesicles formation. Conjugation with ATG5 through an ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving also ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate acts as an E3-like enzyme which is required for lipidation of ATG8 family proteins and their association to the vesicle membranes. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate also regulates negatively the innate antiviral immune response by blocking the type I IFN production pathway through direct association with RARRES3 and MAVS. Plays also a role in translation or delivery of incoming viral RNA to the translation apparatus. 

Sequence Annotation

 CROSSLNK 140 140 Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Gly-Lys)  

Keyword

 3D-structure; Acetylation; Alternative splicing; Autophagy; Complete proteome; Cytoplasm; Immunity; Innate immunity; Isopeptide bond; Membrane; Reference proteome; Ubl conjugation pathway. 

Sequence Source

 UniProt (SWISSPROT/TrEMBL); GenBank; EMBL 

Protein Length

 140 AA 

Protein Sequence

Gene Ontology

 GO:0034045; C:pre-autophagosomal structure membrane; ISS:UniProtKB.
 GO:0043234; C:protein complex; IEA:Compara.
 GO:0000045; P:autophagic vacuole assembly; ISS:UniProtKB.
 GO:0045087; P:innate immune response; TAS:Reactome.
 GO:0032480; P:negative regulation of type I interferon production; TAS:Reactome. 

Interpro

 IPR007242; Atg12. 

Pfam

 PF04110; APG12 

SMART

  

PROSITE

  

PRINTS